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Croton

Scientific Name
Codiaeum variegatum
Family 
Euphorbiaceae
Status
Non-Native

Botanical Description

Codiaeum variegatum, commonly known as Croton, is a tropical evergreen shrub prized for its bold, multicolored foliage. It typically grows 3-12 feet (1-4 m) tall, depending on variety and pruning. 

Growth Form 
  • Upright, branching habit 
  • Woody stems 
  • Dense foliage 
  • Often shaped into hedges or decorative garden accents 
Stems 
  • Smooth and green when young 
  • Become woody with age 
  • Contain milky sap typical of the Euphorbiaceae family 
Leaves 
  • Highly variable in shape and size 
  • May be broad, narrow, twisted, or lobed 4-12 inches long 
  • Thick and leathery 
  • Brilliant combinations of green, yellow, red, orange, and purple 
  • Prominent colored veins Leaf coloration intensifies in full sunlight. 
Flowers 
  • Small and inconspicuous 
  • Creamy white 
  • Produced in slender, drooping clusters 
  • Not the primary ornamental feature 
Fruit 
  • Small triangular capsule

Habitat

Grows in Human Altered envirnoments (yards and gardens).

Distribution 

It is native to Australia, the South Pacific and parts of southeast Asia.

Ecological Importance

  • Primarily ornamental 

  • Limited ecological contribution compared to native plants 

  • May provide minor shelter in landscaped areas

Cultural Notes

  • Popular hedge and border plant 

  • Used for vibrant color contrast 

  • Common in residential and commercial landscaping 

  • Numerous cultivated varieties available 

  • Croton is valued for its foliage color rather than flowers or fruit.

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