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Christmas Orchid

Scientific Name
Encyclia altissima
Family 
Orchidaceae
Status
Native
Native orchid

Protected under Bahamian conservation laws

All orchids are regulated internationally under CITES

Botanical Description

Encyclia altissima, commonly known as Christmas Orchid, is a native epiphytic orchid found in Bahamian coppice forests. 

Growth Form 
  • Epiphytic (grows on tree bark) 
  • Forms clumps over time 
  • Anchored by thick aerial roots 
  • Pseudobulbs 
  • Oval to elongated
  •  Slightly flattened 
  • Green Store water and nutrients 
  • Each pseudobulb produces 1-2 narrow leaves 
Leaves 
  • Strap-like 8-18 inches long 
  • Leathery texture 
  • Medium to dark green 
  • Adapted to conserve moisture 
Flowers 
  • Produced on tall, arching spikes
  • Multiple blooms along each stem 
  • Petals and sepals narrow and spreading 
  • Lip broader and often lighter in color 
  • Shades of greenish-yellow to bronze with purple markings 
  • Fragrant Flowering typically occurs during the cooler months, often around December, giving rise to the name - Christmas Orchid.
Fruit 
  • Smooth purple capsule 
  • Releases thousands of tiny dust-like seeds 
  • Wind dispersed

Habitat

Grows in Dry Broadleaf Evergreen Formations: Forest/Woodland/Shrublands (coppice) that have a mixture of species or are palm dominated.

Distribution 

Occurs on all islands in the Lucayan Archipelago as well as Cuba.

Ecological Importance

  • Pollinated by specialized insects 

  • Adds biodiversity to forest canopies 

  • Indicator of relatively undisturbed habitats

Cultural Notes

  • Known for its winter bloom 

  • Fragrance noticeable in forest when in flower 

  • Symbol of native forest beauty

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